Detergent

Guide Note

Detergent is a powder or liquid soap used to wash clothing or dishes. Detergents work by lowering the surface tension of water and allowing grease to dissolve out of the surface and into the water.

Fast Facts

1. Price range: $1 to $200
2. Warning: Use as directed
3. Warning: Handle with care
4. Warning: Never mix with other cleaning products
5. Caution: Test a small hidden area on clothes to determine colorfastness

Aside from fragrances and colors, there are many ingredients in detergents that help clean a surface or material.

Detergents contain surfactants which are substances that lower water surface tension. They help to dissolve grease into the water.

Some contain abrasives the will scrub the surfaces. This is common in dish washing detergents.

Acids and oxidants are used to bleach and break down organic material.

Enzymes are added to help break down organic substances such as food stains.

Ingredients like water softeners, pH adjusters and foam reducers help the detergent work more efficiently.

Fabric softeners and color brighteners help the material look and feel better but are not associated with cleaning the material.

Detergents contain many substances that may be harmful if handled. Acids, solvents, surfactants, and other ingredients can be caustic or irritable to the skin. Always carefully read the label of every detergent and take cautionary measures if required, like wearing rubber gloves. Always use as directed and never mix detergents with other cleaning products. Gas may be produced that could be deadly.