Guide Note
DNA is unique in each individual. Given that each person is genetically unique, material and fluids found at crime scenes can be used to identify the perpetrator. DNA evidence usually refers to the use of this technology at criminal trials.
Fast Facts
- Registered sex offenders must submit DNA to be included in CODIS
- DNA stands for: deoxyribonucleic acid
- DNA is the fundamental building block for an individual's genetic makeup
- Its found in virtually every cell in the human body
- 1869: DNA isolated by Friedrich Miescher from pus in the bandages of wounded soldiers and fish sperm
- 1984: Human Genome Project started
DNA Profile Comparisons
DNA is collected at a crime scene by carefully extracting samples of hair, fingernails, teeth, blood, or other bodily fluids that have been left behind. The DNA is then extracted from the tissue sample and analyzed. If the suspect is known, the sample of DNA would be compared to the sample of the suspect. If the suspect is unknown, investigators will use an FBI computer program called CODIS to match the sample DNA with another in the database.
DNA Exonerations
DNA evidence can prove that a suspect was involved in a crime. On the other hand, there have been many instances of DNA evidence leading to the overturning of a conviction when the DNA does not link the accused to a crime. In several criminal cases DNA evidence has proven the innocence of those wrongfully accused.
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