Guide Note

Algebra is a broad field of mathematics which includes simplifying and solving abstract variables and unknowns. Algebra also includes the mathematics and graphing of functions.

Fast Facts

1. Symbols and letters often represent variables
2. First used in ancient Babylon¹
3. Named after Arabic word "al-jabru", meaning "restoration"¹

Algebra began with the Ancient Egyptians and Babylonians. Egyptians would solve algebraic problems with words rather than symbols or solutions. Although the Babylonians began studying mathematics earlier in history, they were more advanced in algebra than the Egyptians. They had even developed a quadratic formula. Much of their math was explained verbally, although they did use some symbols.¹

In the 9th century, an astronomer and mathematician named Mohammed ibn-Musa al-Khowarizmi wrote a book about algebra called "Hisab al-jabr w'al muqabala," which means "restoration and simplification." The word algebra is taken from the Arabic word "al-jabr" which means "restoration." The word for algorithm also comes from al-Khowarizmi; it is a corrupt pronunciation of his name.¹